Health Behaviors and Sleep Quality in Portuguese Adolescents: The Moderating Role of Age and Gender / [Los comportamientos relativos a la salud y la calidad del sueño en los adolescentes portugueses: el efecto moderador de la edad y del sexo]

Background: Adolescence is marked by changes such as sleep and health behaviors. This study analyzed the relationships and differences on excessive daytime sleepiness, anxiety and depression symptoms, sleep habits, family sleep behaviors, sleep quality and health behaviors in adolescents including the moderating effect of adolescents’ age and gender. Method: The sample included 272 adolescents, 58% being female. Results: Girls and older adolescents reported worse sleep quality. Older adolescents reported healthier behaviors. Female gender, having a family member with sleep quality problems, coffee intake, anxiety and depression symptoms, daytime sleepiness, and family sleep behaviors contributed to worse sleep quality. Father’s alcohol consumption, anxiety and depression symptoms and family sleep behaviors contributed to adolescents’ sleep habits. Being a girl and an older adolescent were moderators in the relationship between the presence of excessive daytime sleepiness and worse sleep quality. Conclusions: Findings highlight the importance of health promotion programs regarding sleep quality.(AU)

Antecedentes: La adolescencia está marcada por los cambios en el sueño y comportamientos referidos a la salud. Este estudio analizó las relaciones y diferencias en la somnolencia diurna excesiva, los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión, los hábitos de sueño, los comportamientos de sueño familiares, la calidad del sueño, los comportamientos de salud en adolescentes, incluido el efecto moderador de la edad y el sexo de los adolescentes. Método: La muestra de este estudio estaba compuesta por 272 adolescentes, siendo el 58% de sexo femenino. Resultados: Las niñas y los adolescentes mayores indicaron una peor calidad del sueño. Los adolescentes mayores manifestaron comportamientos más saludables. Ser de sexo femenino, tener un familiar con problemas de sueño, consumir café, tener síntomas de ansiedad y depresión, así como somnolencia diurna y conductas de sueño familiares se asocian con una peor calidad del sueño. El consumo de alcohol del padre, los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión y las conductas de sueño familiares se asocian con los hábitos de sueño de los adolescentes. Ser niña y adolescente de mayor edad modera la relación entre la presencia de somnolencia diurna excesiva y peor calidad del sueño. Conclusiones: Los resultados resaltan la importancia de los programas de promoción de la salud en relación con la calidad del sueño.(AU)

Effects of substratum type and orientation on the recruitment of bryozoans in an artificial area of the Western Atlantic.

Bryozoans are commonly associated with various artificial structures in marine environments and have been responsible for several bioinvasion events worldwide. Understanding the interactions between bryozoans and artificial structures is therefore essential to prevent the establishment and spread of potential bioinvaders. This study investigated bryozoan recruitment on four different substrates (PET, nautical ropes, metal, and PVC) placed in three orientations (vertical, horizontal facing down and facing up) in an area of the Western Atlantic. In total, 15 species of bryozoans were found. The results revealed significant variations in assemblages' richness, with bryozoans showing a preference for settling on PVC (14 species found) and on the underside of horizontal substrates (15 species found), resulting in the higher representativity observed in this study. Cryptogenic (nine species) and exotic (five species) bryozoans dominated the assemblages in all treatments, indicating that the type of substrate (especially artificial) and its orientation can favor the settlement of bryozoans, particularly non-native species. Therefore, the availability of multiple types of artificial substrates in marine environments should be treated as a cause for concern.

Quality of life in heterosexual menopausal women: The indirect effect of sexual and marital satisfaction, menopause representations, and psychological morbidity.

Menopause may negatively impact Quality of Life (QoL). Our study used a cross-sectional design and research participants were 99 women in natural menopause. In our study, we analyzed the relationship between age at menopause onset, hormone therapy use, duration of couple relationship, menopause duration, psychological morbidity, marital satisfaction, menopause representations, and QoL following the Wilson and Cleary Health-Related QoL conceptual model. The authors found that negative representations, lower marital satisfaction, psychological morbidity, and shorter duration of menopause contributed to lower QoL. Moreover, the authors found that psychological morbidity and menopause representations (identity and control/cure dimensions) had an indirect effect between marital satisfaction and vasomotor, psychosocial, and sexual QoL. Also, we found that age at the onset of menopause showed a moderating effect in the final model. Future studies should replicate these results in a longitudinal design and analyze how the variables that showed a moderating role and indirect effects will function as moderators and mediators, respectively, over time.

Development of an anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody panel and its applicability as a reagent in high-throughput fluorescence reduction neutralization and immunohistochemistry assays.

Since its emergence in late 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused millions of deaths and socioeconomic losses. Although vaccination significantly reduced disease mortality, it has been shown that protection wanes over time, and that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern (VOCs) may escape vaccine-derived immunity. Therefore, serological studies are necessary to assess protection in the population and guide vaccine regimens. A common measure of protective immunity is the presence of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs). However, the gold standard for measuring nAbs (plaque reduction neutralization test, or PRNT) is laborious and time-consuming, limiting its large-scale applicability. We developed a high-throughput fluorescence reduction neutralization assay (FRNA) to detect SARS-CoV-2 nAbs. Because the assay relies on immunostaining, we developed and characterized monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to lower costs and reduce the assay's vulnerability to reagent shortages. Using samples of individuals vaccinated with COVID-19 and unvaccinated/pre-pandemic samples, we showed that FRNA results using commercial and in-house mAbs strongly correlated with those of the PRNT method while providing results in 70% less time. In addition to providing a fast, reliable, and high-throughput alternative for measuring nAbs, the FRNA can be easily customized to assess SARS-CoV-2 VOCs. Additionally, the mAb we produced was able to detect SARS-CoV-2 in pulmonary tissues by immunohistochemistry assays.

Metabolic control and quality of life in type 1 diabetes: Do adherence, family support, and school support matter?

This study analyzed the relationship between clinical and demographic variables, family support, school support, and adherence on adolescents' metabolic control and quality of life (QoL) based on Adaptation to Chronic Disease in Childhood's model. The sample included 100 adolescents and 100 parents. Adolescents were assessed on adherence, family support, school support, and QoL. Parents were assessed on family functioning and parental coping. A path analysis was performed to assess the adequacy of the theoretical model to the sample. Daily glycemic monitoring was associated with better metabolic control and diabetes hospitalizations with worse metabolic control. The final model showed adherence, family support, school support, and family functioning having an indirect effect on the relationship between adolescence stage, number of daily glycemic monitorings, number of hospitalizations, and metabolic control/QoL. Adherence had an indirect effect on the relationship between glycemic monitoring and family and school support, suggesting that adolescents need both types of support to perform diabetes self-care tasks. QoL showed a direct effect on metabolic control revealing the importance of QoL in the design of interventions to promote metabolic control in adolescents.

Diabetes representations on adherence and quality of life: Do parents and adolescents differ?

Type 1 diabetes is one of the most frequent chronic diseases in adolescents. To manage diabetes and prevent complications, a set of self-care behaviors needs to be implemented into family daily routines. This study analyzed diabetes representations in adolescents and their parents, the dissimilarities between them, and the relationship between illness dissimilarities and adherence/quality of life (QoL) in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. The sample included 200 participants: 100 adolescents with type 1 diabetes and 100 parents who accompanied the adolescents. Adolescents were assessed on adherence (Self-Care Inventory-Revised), quality of life (Diabetes QoL) and family support (Diabetes Family Behavior Scale). Both adolescents and parents were assessed on illness representations (Brief-Illness Perception Questionnaire). Dissimilarities in illness representations between parents and adolescents were performed using Olsen et al's proposal. Parents showed a more negative representation of diabetes than adolescents. Adolescents' illness representations, the dissimilarities between adolescents' and parents' illness representations, and family support were associated with adolescents' adherence and QoL. Higher family support moderated the relationship between the dissimilarity in timeline representations and QoL, explaining 17.8% of the variance on QoL. Adolescent's  gender (male) was a moderator in the relationship between adolescent's coherence and QoL, explaining 18.6% of the variance on QoL. Adolescent's gender (female) was a moderator in the relationship between timeline and QoL, explaining 11.9% of the variance on QoL. Being a male parent was a moderator in the relationship between adolescent's concerns and QoL, explaining 13.5% of the variance on QoL. Intervention programs should focus on illness representations, particularly on the dissimilarities between adolescents and parents, as well as on family support in order to promote adolescents' adherence and QoL.

Cataract surgery and IOP: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials.

PURPOSE: Cataract and glaucoma are two of the most common ocular comorbidities. Cataract surgery has been shown to influence intra-ocular pressure (IOP) in patients with glaucoma; nevertheless, the extent of this effect remains controversial, especially in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG). The aim of this review is to determine the real effect of cataract surgery on IOP change in patients with OAG, focusing on data retrieved from randomised controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS: A systematic review was performed, including six different RCTs that studied the net effect of cataract surgery on IOP. Eligibility criteria required a full washout from hypotensive therapy, allowing accurate measurement of unmedicated IOP, both before and after surgery. RESULTS: Included studies revealed a consistent reduction on IOP occurring after surgery, varying between 4.1 and 8.5 mmHg depending on the RCT. There was also a decrease in the number of glaucoma medications, with a mean reduction of 0.2-1.0 agents postoperatively. Evaluation of adverse outcomes of cataract surgery showed a very favourable safety profile. CONCLUSION: Although the role of cataract surgery in the algorithm of glaucoma treatment remains to be established, this review highlights a consistent decrease on IOP following surgery and a reduced dependency on glaucoma medications. Potential downgrade in medication can thus be considered in well-controlled glaucoma patients after phacoemulsification. PROSPERO registry: CRD42022343378.

Augmin-dependent microtubule self-organization drives kinetochore fiber maturation in mammals.

Chromosome segregation in mammals relies on the maturation of a thick bundle of kinetochore-attached microtubules known as k-fiber. How k-fibers mature from initial kinetochore microtubule attachments remains a fundamental question. By combining molecular perturbations and phenotypic analyses in Indian muntjac fibroblasts containing the lowest known diploid chromosome number in mammals (2N = 6) and distinctively large kinetochores, with fixed/live-cell super-resolution coherent-hybrid stimulated emission depletion (CH-STED) nanoscopy and laser microsurgery, we demonstrate a key role for augmin in kinetochore microtubule self-organization and maturation, regardless of pioneer centrosomal microtubules. In doing so, augmin promotes kinetochore and interpolar microtubule turnover and poleward flux. Tracking of microtubule growth events within individual k-fibers reveals a wide angular dispersion, consistent with augmin-mediated branched microtubule nucleation. Augmin depletion reduces the frequency of kinetochore microtubule growth events and hampers efficient repair after acute k-fiber injury by laser microsurgery. Together, these findings underscore the contribution of augmin-mediated microtubule amplification for k-fiber self-organization and maturation in mammals.

Functional mapping of PHF6 complexes in chromatin remodeling, replication dynamics, and DNA repair.

The Plant Homeodomain 6 gene (PHF6) encodes a nucleolar and chromatin-associated leukemia tumor suppressor with proposed roles in transcription regulation. However, specific molecular mechanisms controlled by PHF6 remain rudimentarily understood. Here we show that PHF6 engages multiple nucleosome remodeling protein complexes, including nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase, SWI/SNF and ISWI factors, the replication machinery and DNA repair proteins. Moreover, after DNA damage, PHF6 localizes to sites of DNA injury, and its loss impairs the resolution of DNA breaks, with consequent accumulation of single- and double-strand DNA lesions. Native chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing analyses show that PHF6 specifically associates with difficult-to-replicate heterochromatin at satellite DNA regions enriched in histone H3 lysine 9 trimethyl marks, and single-molecule locus-specific analyses identify PHF6 as an important regulator of genomic stability at fragile sites. These results extend our understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling hematopoietic stem cell homeostasis and leukemia transformation by placing PHF6 at the crossroads of chromatin remodeling, replicative fork dynamics, and DNA repair.

Incidence and Risk Factors for Retinopathy of Prematurity in a Portuguese Cohort.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence and risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in two Portuguese neonatal units with a sub-analysis of infants with a gestational age (GA) of 28 weeks or older. METHODS: This was a retrospective case series of all infants who underwent ROP screening from 2012 to 2020. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected. Univariate logistic regression was used to examine the risk factors for ROP followed by multivariate regression. RESULTS: A total of 475 infants were included with a median GA of 30 weeks (range: 23 to 36 weeks) and a median birth weight of 1,229 grams (range: 408 to 2,620 grams). ROP was diagnosed in 113 infants (23.8%) and 29 (6.1%) were treated. In the multivariate analysis, GA and hyperglycemia were significantly associated with severe ROP (P < .001). In the subgroup analysis of infants with a GA of 28 weeks or older, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, late-onset sepsis, and hyperglycemia were linked to severe ROP. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of ROP in the cohort falls within the range of other high-income countries. Hyperglycemia overpowered all of the other risk factors. Although rare, more mature infants are also at risk for severe ROP. Infants with older GA share the same group of risk factors, but bronchopulmonary dysplasia seems to play a greater role. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2022;59(4):254-260.].

The eye of the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla): Ophthalmic examination findings and diagnostic tests.

OBJECTIVE: To describe ophthalmic examination and diagnostic values for Schirmer tear test (STT), intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal horizontal diameter (CHD), palpebral fissure length (PFL), fundoscopy, and palpebral conjunctiva microbiota from healthy giant anteaters. ANIMALS STUDIED: Twelve giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), 11 adults and one juvenile, five males and seven females. PROCEDURES: The animals were submitted to general anesthesia and ophthalmic evaluation with portable slit-lamp biomicroscope, Finoff transilluminator, and fundoscopy, as well as STT, bacterial culture from palpebral conjunctiva, rebound tonometry IOP, and measurement of PFL and CHD. Data compiled were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey tests. RESULTS: The results (mean ± standard deviation) were as follows: STT 8.04 ± 6.21 mm/min; IOP 10.92 ± 2.45 mmHg; PFL 0.75 ± 0.11 cm; CHD 0.96 ± 0.10 cm. Out of the 24 eyes swab samples for bacterial culture, 17 were positive, with three genera of Gram-positive bacteria identified Staphylococcus spp., Bacillus sp., and Corynebacterium sp. Gram-negative bacteria were not isolated from any of the samples. CONCLUSIONS: As conservation work in this vulnerable species continues, this report on basic ophthalmic examination and diagnostic parameters will be helpful improve their treatment and care. More ophthalmic studies are encouraged in animals within the Pilosa order.

DIGIROP efficacy for detecting treatment-requiring retinopathy of prematurity in a Portuguese cohort.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To determine the efficacy of the DIGIROP model in detecting treatment-requiring retinopathy of prematurity (TR-ROP) in a Portuguese cohort. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Multicentre, retrospective cohort study of all consecutive preterm infants who underwent ROP screening from April 2012 to May 2019 in two neonatal units. Gestational age (GA), birth weight (BW) and sex were inserted in the DIGIROP platform. The optimal cut-off point to achieve 100% sensitivity was calculated. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated. RESULTS: Of the 431 infants who underwent ROP screening, 257 were eligible for DIGIROP analysis and 174 infants were excluded for having a GA outside the range 24-30 weeks imposed by the DIGIROP algorithm. Median GA was 29 weeks (range 24-30) and BW was 1060 g (range 408-2080). Twenty-tree infants (8.9%) developed TR-ROP. The highest risk obtained for TR-ROP was 0.5404 (95% CI 0.4343-0.6616) with a median achieved risk of 0.0938 (range 0.0016-0.5404). The optimal cut-off point to achieve 100% sensitivity on TR-ROP was 0.0016. The number of infants receiving ROP examinations would have been reduced from 257 to 187 infants (-27.2%) if the model was applied. CONCLUSIONS: In our cohort, of 257 infants, the optimal cut-off point to achieve 100% sensitivity for TR-ROP was 0.0016 with moderate accuracy in the AUC (0.70). The number of infants requiring screening would have decreased 27.2% if the model was applied. It is essential that algorithms continue to be tested in different populations, especially in cohorts that include both younger and older GA infants.

Retrospective comparison between growth and retinopathy of prematurity model versus WINROP model.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the weight and insulin-like growth factor-1 in neonatal retinopathy (WINROP) to the growth and retinopathy of prematurity (G-ROP) model in a Portuguese cohort. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. METHODS: Clinical records of consecutive infants who underwent retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening from April 2012 to May 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Both WINROP and G-ROP models were accessed for sensitivity and specificity for type 1 ROP. A separate analysis of both algorithms was performed in infants with gestational age (GA) <30 weeks. RESULTS: Of the 375 infants included in the study, 313 were eligible for G-ROP analysis and 311 for WINROP. In the G-ROP group, 22 infants developed type 1 ROP (sensitivity 90.91%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 70.84%-98.98%). In the WINROP group, 23 infants needed treatment (sensitivity of 86.96%, 95% CI 66.41%-97.22%). Both models reached 100% sensitivity for type 1 ROP if restricted to GA <30 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Both models were easy to use and had similar sensitivities. If restricted to GA <30 weeks, both models detected all type 1 ROP.

Quality of Life in Caregivers of Type 2 Diabetes Patients After Patient's Surgery: a Path Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease, and one of its complications may result in amputation. The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of psychosocial variables, over time, on quality of life (QoL) of caregivers of patients (N = 110) who had undergone a recent amputation. METHOD: A longitudinal design was employed: (T1) 1 month after the patient's surgery; (T2) 7 months after; and (T3) 10 months after. Burden Assessment Scale, Family Assessment Device, Revised Impact of Events Scale, Family Disruption from Illness Scale, and Short Form Health Survey were used. A path analysis model was tested. RESULTS: Burden, perception of family functioning, and traumatic symptoms at T1 showed a positive impact on the perception of family functioning, at T2. Traumatic symptoms, at T1, predicted traumatic symptoms at T2 being also a mediator between those symptoms (T1) and physical QoL (T3). Physical and traumatic symptoms, at T1 predicted physical symptoms, at T2 affecting both mental and physical QoL (T3), being also a mediator in these relationships. Burden (T1) also had a direct effect on mental QoL (T3) and at T2 had an impact on physical QoL (T3) mediating also the relationship between burden/physical symptoms at T1 and physical QoL, at T3. CONCLUSION: Intervention should focus on physical and traumatic symptoms as well as burden since they were both mediators regarding mental and physical QoL.

Ten new species of marine bryozoans (Gymnolaemata: Cheilostomatida) from Brazil.

Despite a recent increase in the number of taxonomic studies on the bryozoan fauna of northeastern Brazil, new discoveries and re-examination of museum specimens allow the continued recognition of new taxa. Here, we describe ten new cheilostome species from the northeastern continental shelf of Brazil based on different museum collections. The new species are: Thalamoporella tupinamba n. sp., Turbicellepora papula n. sp., Plesiocleidochasma brasiliensis n. sp., Plesiocleidochasma infundibulum n. sp., Rhynchozoon turgidum n. sp., Cribrilaria brasiliensis n. sp., Hippoporina titan n. sp., Crepidacantha fasciata n. sp., Crepidacantha browni n. sp., and Hippopodina inarmata n. sp. Some specimens previously reported from northeastern Brazil are here reassigned to the newly described taxa, and two new combinations, Cribrilaria caraguata (Winston Vieira, 2013) n. comb. and Cribrilaria tuba (Winston Vieira, 2013) n. comb., are proposed.

Correlation between hyperglycemia and glycated albumin with retinopathy of prematurity.

To determine the association between hyperglycemia, glycated albumin (GlyA) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Prospective study of all infants under ROP screening from March 2017 to July 2019. All demographic, clinical and laboratory data were collected. Glucose was measured at birth and every 8 h for the first week and serum GlyA was evaluated at birth, 1st, 2nd and 4th weeks after birth. Reference range for GlyA was obtained. Univariate logistic regression was used to examine risk factors for ROP followed by multivariate regression. A total of 152 infants were included in the study. Median gestational age was 30 weeks and median birth weight 1240 g. Thirty-three infants (21.7%) had ROP. Hyperglycemia was present in 24 (72.7%) infants diagnosed with any ROP versus 6 (0.05%) in those without ROP. Median GlyA at birth, 1st, 2nd and 4th and respective reference ranges were 8.50% (6.00-12.65), 8.20% (5.32-11.67), 8.00% (5.32-10.00) and 7.90% (5.30-9.00) respectively. After multivariate logistic regression, hyperglycemia but not GlyA, remained a significant risk factor for ROP overpowering the other recognized risk factors (Exp (B) 28.062, 95% CI for Exp(B) 7.881-99.924 p < 0.001). In our cohort, hyperglycemia but not GlyA, remained a significant risk factor for ROP overpowering the other recognized risk factors.

Psychological Morbidity in Endometriosis: A Couple's Study.

Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease that impacts more than 176 million women worldwide, having a strong impact on psychological morbidity. This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of psychological morbidity, in women with endometriosis, taking into consideration the duration of the couple's relationship and the duration of the disease and also examined whether women's sexual satisfaction had an impact on their psychological morbidity (actor effect) and on their sexual partners' psychological morbidity (partner effect) and vice versa. Participants were 105 women and their partners, who answered the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); Couple Satisfaction Index (CSI-4) and the Global Measure of Sexual Satisfaction (GMSEX). The results revealed a direct effect between the perception of symptom severity, marital satisfaction, and women's psychological morbidity. Sexual activity and the presence of infertility had an indirect effect on the relationship between sexual satisfaction, diagnosis duration, and psychological morbidity, respectively. Finally, women's sexual satisfaction had a direct effect on their own and their partner's marital satisfaction that predicted less psychological morbidity, in both. Thus, a multidisciplinary intervention focused on the couple's sexual and marital relationship is needed to promote psychological well-being in this population.

The role of artificial habitats on fouling bryozoan fauna in the southwestern Atlantic.

Artificial habitats, such as harbours and marinas, are entry doors for the introduction and dispersal of species. Surveys on fouling community in these habitats help to understand preventing environmental impacts and management of invasive species. Thus, a survey on fouling bryozoan fauna was carried out along 17 artificial habitats (eight harbours and nine marinas) from three coastal stretches in Southwestern Atlantic. A total of 55 species were identified, including 13 non-native, 33 cryptogenic and nine native taxa. Only five bryozoan species were found in more than 75% of sampled sites. Our analysis revealed that bryozoan fouling communities in artificial habitats do not vary significantly between commercial and recreational localities. However, we also found that faunal assemblages varied significantly along Brazilian coastal stretches that are distinguished by environmental conditions, such as salinity and temperature.

Free-living bryozoans (Cheilostomatida, Cupuladriidae) from northeastern and northern Brazil.

Free-living bryozoans, unlike most cheilostomes, live unattached from the substratum on or within soft sedimentary bottoms. Bryozoans of the family Cupuladriidae Lagaaij, 1952 are probably the best-studied free-living representatives. In Brazil, eight species of cupuladriids have been reported to date, including some regarded as species complexes. This paper documents cupuladriid taxa from northeastern and northern Brazil based on the examination of 1236 colonies. Three species previously reported from Brazil are described: Cupuladria monotrema (Busk, 1884), Discoporella gemmulifera Winston Vieira, 2013 and Discoporella salvadorensis Winston, Vieira Woollacott, 2014. A new species, Cupuladria minuta n. sp., is erected; it differs from its congeners in having small, flat discoid colonies, with the central area up to the fifth astogenetic generation composed of vicarious avicularia with an auriform opesia, and quadrangular to rectangular basal sectors with 1-6 small openings per sector. Our results suggest that four species previously recorded from Brazil are doubtful-Cupuladria canariensis (Busk, 1859), Cupuladria biporosa Canu Bassler, 1923, Discoporella umbellata (Defrance, 1923) and Discoporella depressa (Conrad, 1841). Some Brazilian specimens previously assigned to Discoporella umbellata var. conica are re-assigned to D. salvadorensis. The species studied here frequently co-occur on mainly sandy and muddy bottoms at 8-130 m depth, as it is typical of most living populations of cupuladriids. The sedimentation rate, and thus the bottom composition, likely influence the distribution of cupuladriids in Brazil, with Cupuladria species being more common in stabler and coarser sea bottoms than Discoporella species, which tend to be more broadly distributed.